QUATERNARY DISINFECTANTS

Quaternary Disinfectants are broad spectrum disinfectants. According to EPA’s definition broad spectrum disinfectants show efficacy against all the three major classes of microbial organisms-Bacteria, Fungi and Viruses

Cleaning products used in houses, industries, public places are mainly based on quaternary ammonium compounds.

The risk of contamination is increasing at an alarming rate in our everyday life. Thus disinfectants are an important component for safeguarding the environment.

Structurally Quaternary ammonium compounds contain a positively charged nitrogen atom which is bonded to four organic groups. These are used as broad spectrum disinfectant.

Quaternary ammonium compounds destroy the cell wall of microbes. The positively charged nitrogen atom binds itself with the cell membrane of the microbes which are negatively charged. This denatures the protein present in the cell of bacteria or fungi impairing their metabolic reaction and finally causes death.

Because different types of combinations are possible many versions of QACs are available commercially. The most commonly found QAC in disinfectants are Benzalkonium chlorides, also known as alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chlorides .Abbreviations for Benzalkonium  chloride include BAC, BZK, BKC, and ADBAC.

QAC based products possess superior stability compared to other disinfectants. QACs show the broadest spectrum of efficacy against microbial agents. It shows activity against Bacteria, Viruses, Protozoa, Fungus and Algae.

QACs show good cleaning properties. The main use of QACs are in healthcare sectors.

One of the key features of QAC based disinfectants is that they are non corrosive to metal pipes and other surfaces. They can be diluted for easy use and thus cause very little damage to the surface. QAC based products show exceptional material compatibility .

KEY FEATURES

• Economical and easy availability
• Non -damaging on carpets, clothing etc.
• Non corrosive to metal pipes
• Non Toxic

Main Application of Quaternary Disinfectant

• Food Processing Plants-All the instruments and equipments used in food industries need to be sterilized correctly otherwise it would cause alteration in food quality.QAC based products are used extensively to give proper sterilization against all microbial attack.
• Personal Hygiene- QAC for its excellent germicidal activity are used in most hand sanitizers, hand gel etc. It has proven to show 99.99% destruction of common bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli for an exposure time of 2 minutes.
• Medical Institutions –For cleaning and disinfecting bathroom surfaces. In many hospital rooms QAC based products are employed in spray fogging for killing airborne and surface bacteria.

Organic Acid Inhibitor Rodine 92B – ChemEqual

Effective cleaning of equipment in the food processing industry is required to reduce chances for contamination of during preparation, processing, storage & serving. Cleaning prevents attraction of lower life forms like food pathogens, increases equipment life, boosts employee morale and efficiency and accounts for aesthetic considerations of consumers. The primary cleaning agent is water; free from disease producing organisms, toxic metal ions and objectionable taste & odor. But such quality of cleaning water is hard to achieve and chemicals are tailored to meet cleaner specifications based on water composition and operation type.

Acid Type Cleaners & Corrosion:

Acid cleaners are used in the food processing industry for milkstone removal and cleaning equipment like broth tanks, ingrediators etc. A wide choice of acid type cleaners for mineral scale removal exist today but organic acids and blends of organic acid type cleaners and chelating agents have found much popularity in recent times. This is because they are much less corrosive than mineral acids and alkaline cleaners. Citric acid and EDTA are frequently used for this purpose owing to a better pH regulation and less aggressive surface action.

Nevertheless, acid cleaning chemicals are corrosive to the base metal and are responsible for corrosion & pitting of surface. Inhibitors for Citric Acid descaling solution are usually applied at very low concentrations (1000-3000 ppm) to provide upto 99.8% corrosion inhibition during acid cleaning processes. Depending on the acid type used, specific corrosion inhibitors are designed to remove scales and deposits from equipment while minimizing base metal loss. They are of mostly polymeric origin and act by forming chelating structures, proving high efficiency as inhibitors in acid chemical cleaning operations.

RODINE 92B is a blend of semi-foaming corrosion inhibitors specifically formulated for preventing corrosion by Citric acid and EDTA based cleaners. It is highly efficient at protecting metal surfaces such as steel and copper alloys commonly associated with equipments in food processing and packaging industry. It has been shown to assist in surface cleaning and descaling actions by acid cleaners without any pitting or corrosion on metal surface.

With respect to the nature of industry where rodine acid inhibitors are used, toxicity issues for inhibitors is of prime concern & exposure to humans due to improper/inadequate rinsing is a possibility. Rodine 92B has been designed for such special applications and contains ingredients generally recognized safe to humans thus suitable for cleaning of food equipments.

Key product features are:

• Modifies metal surface to prevent corrosion
• Excellent wetting properties for better cleaning
• Enhances cleaning efficiency

Rodine 92B is effective upto a temperature of 85°C/185°F and can be applied in all types of food processing, packaging & storage industries as inhibitor for acid cleaning systems.

ChemEqual is a online global chemical marketplace for Acid Inhibitors where Rodine type & its equivalent inhibitors can be found.

NALCOOL 2000 Nitrite based Diesel Engine Corrosion & Scale Inhibitor – ChemEqual

Tropical coolants are water based need coolant additives for mineral salt suppression that may negatively affect heat transfer operations and corrode/scale inner walls of cooling systems. The Cooling System is itself a very aggressive environment and is subjected to a small volume of coolant that is propelled through the system at very high velocity at extremes of temperatures that can easily cause scaling and corrosion to metal components leading to equipment failure at any time.

NALCOOL 2000 manufactured by NALCO is a coolant corrosion inhibitor blend made from Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Tetraborate, Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Mercaptobenzothiazole that functions as a protective, film-forming corrosion inhibitor and scale suppressant to keep engines clean and free from scale, and reduces downtime and maintenance costs. The product protects cooling systems against corrosion, liner pitting, cavitation-erosion, mineral scale deposits and electrolysis. In addition, it helps reduce the effect of oxidizing agents that are commonly dissolved in most tropical coolants.

It has been designed for all common engine cooling systems and is ideal to protect ferrous metals, copper & its alloys, aluminium etc. as well as rubber gaskets, ‘O’rings and non-metallic components within the cooling system. NALCOOL 2000 is available in liquid form making it easy to use and apply, fully compatible with water based coolants and Mono Ethylene Glycol antifreeze. It is chromate free and has been tested internationally to maintain a high degree of heat transfer efficiency & long engine life.

Product Features & Benefits:

• Designed to protect cast iron diesel engine cooling systems
• Contains additives to protect against sludge and mineral scale formation
• Prevents overheating
• Effective against liner pitting and cavitation erosion
• Liquid, safe & easy to apply formulation
• Not harmful to radiator or heater connecting hoses, diesel liner seals and ‘O’rings
• Recommended and used by major diesel engine manufacturers throughout the world

NALFLEET NALCOOL 2000 is the perfect corrosion & scale inhibitor for all types of heat transfer fluids in small auxiliary diesel engines containing aluminium components.

ChemEqual is a vast online specialty chemical database and NALCOOL 2000 and equivalent compositions of coolant corrosion inhibitors can be searched here from among a wide range of global suppliers.

Metal Passivation using Rodine 85 for Sulfuric Acid Pickling – ChemEqual

Derusting and descaling operations on industrial metal components require the use of strong mineral acids like sulfuric acid to maintain surface quality. It employs the use of acid baths for oxidative removal of alkali scales and mineral oxide deposits. But mineral acids have a tendency to corrode metal surfaces as well rendering them distorted by formation of pits and loss of base metal.

To retard the corrosive nature of acids, the pickling liquor used in acid vats is primarily composed of a pickling acid such as sulfuric acid mixed with an acid corrosion inhibitor. These inhibitors do not reduce the efficiency of the liquor but tend to passivates the base metal surface preventing pitting and corrosion. These passivating chemicals greatly reduce maintenance costs and extend equipment life while optimizing acid utilization and quick operations.

Rodine 85 is a low foaming soluble liquid corrosion inhibitor specifically designed for acid baths that use sulfuric acid as the pickling reagent. It is a synergistic organic blend of 1,3-Diethyl Thiourea, Formaldehyde, substituted Triazine & O-Toluidine, Propargyl Alcohol and detergent that is effective on a wide range of metal surfaces and can be ideally dozed over a wide range of acid concentrations. . Rodine 85 serves as an effective inhibitor for phosphoric and acetic acids, as well as sulfamic, citric, oxalic, and sodium bisulfate solutions in pickling and industrial cleaning operations.

It is recommended that dosage of Rodine 85 to be used for pickling should always be in percent by volume of the concentrated acid, regardless of the degree of acid dilution used. Ideal concentration ranges from 0.05 to 0.30 percent by volume of the diluted acid. In addition, it is also recommended that Rodine 85 inhibitor be used at a concentration not less that 0.5% by volume of the concentrated liquid acid or not less that 0.5% by weight of the concentrated solid acid, regardless of the temperature of the industrial cleaning operation.

ChemEqual is the largest online database for chemicals and their equivalents and Rodine Acid Inhibitors can be easily searched and enquired here.

30 years of Unparalleled Performance in RO Plant with Nalco PermaTreat PC191 – ChemEqual

RO Plant operation and PermaTreat PC 191 have been synonymous names with Nalco PermaTreat proving to be the best antiscalant chemical and antifoulant for membrane systems working with a wide selection of brackish, high salinity, process and effluent feed-waters.

NALCO PC 191 was first introduced and used as a RO antiscalant chemical in 1980. Since then it has become the preferred method for scale control in installations throughout the world. It is recommended by most of the world’s leading RO manufacturers and considered a highly cost effective scale inhibitor and antifoulant.

PermaTreat PC 191 with its unique antiscalant chemical formula greatly reduces scaling risks as well as use of hazardous acids for cleaning, regulates optimum RO plant process and conversion rates and is invariably cheaper alternative for membrane protection by pH control or ion-exchange softening.

A huge database on the environmental impact of NALCO PermaTreat PC191 on avian and mammalian toxicity, bioaccumulation and biodegradation and river die-away tests reveal the non-hazardous non-toxic nature of the product making it environmentally acceptable.

NALCO Chemicals has been a global leader as manufacturer and RO antiscalant supplier for over three decades and the efficacy of NALCO PC 191 allows engineers to design RO systems that can work at highest recovery rates, overtaking competitors because of benefits like:

• Improved cost effectiveness
• Less feed-water requirement
• Less concentrates for disposal
• Less dosing chemical required
• Better environmental acceptance of concentrate discharge

ChemEqual is the largest online database for RO Membrane Cleaners and NALCO PermaTreat PC-191 and similar Reverse Osmosis Chemicals can be easily found and enquired here.

Effective Sulfuric Acid Pickling with Rodine 85 – ChemEqual

Long term use of metal components in industries often makes them susceptible to formation of rust and surface distortion by scaling. In order to maintain surface quality and remove rust, acid treatment is employed. The metal parts are dipped in acid baths to oxidize and remove hard scales and rust layers. But since all acids have a corroding tendency with metals, acid treatment forms a root cause for concern particularly due to abrasive and corrosive loss of precious base metal leading to surface pitting and distortion.

Acid inhibitors are administered in acid pickling baths to prevent loss of base metal after proper pickling. It also helps to extend the life of acid baths. Using of inhibitor in acid solution limits the acid attack on base metal, therefore minimizing base metal loss. A potent acid inhibitor helps to alleviate acid attack on the base metal once the scale has been removed, lending protection to the surface and optimizing acid utilization.

Rodine 85 serves as a soluble, low foaming, liquid corrosion inhibitor formulated for use in conventional sulfuric acid pickling operations. It is an amalgamation of 1,3-Diethyl Thiourea, Formaldehyde, substituted Triazine & O-Toluidine, Propargyl Alcohol and detergent. Rodine 85 is effective on any type of steel, and can be used at any acid concentration. Rodine 85 is an effective inhibitor for phosphoric and acetic acids, as well as sulfamic, citric, oxalic, and sodium bisulfate solutions in pickling and industrial cleaning operations.

Rodine 85 dosage greatly depends on the type of metal, the temperature of operation and the sequence of cleaning operation. The recommended amount of Rodine 85 to be used for pickling is always given in percent by volume of the concentrated acid, regardless of the degree of acid dilution used. RODINE 85 should be used at a concentration ranging from 0.05 to 0.30 percent by volume of the diluted acid regardless of the degree of acid dilution used. In addition, it is recommended that Rodine 85 inhibitor be used at a concentration not less that 0.5% by volume of the concentrated liquid acid or not less that 0.5% by weight of the concentrated solid acid, regardless of the temperature of the industrial cleaning operation.

ChemEqual is the largest online database for chemicals and their equivalents and Rodine Acid Inhibitors can be easily searched and enquired here.

Rodine 2010 Corrosion Inhibitor for Boiler Chemical Cleaning – ChemEqual

Boiler systems and pipelines associated with power plants and heating systems often face the problem of mineral scaling on the inner linings and transmission bends. This is mainly due to the residual hardness of the coolant water used. While treated water is essential, minute traces of partially soluble salts of calcium, magnesium, strontium, as well as due to silica and ferrous oxides. While scaling may lead to choking and rupture of transmission pipes, oxidation due to unregulated pH of boiler feed water can result in corrosion and pitting of metal. Thus various boiler scale removal chemicals are employed to clean and maintain optimum operation efficacy of boiler systems.

The two primary choices include Ammoniated EDTA and Ammoniated Citric acid for cleaning. They are both weak organic acids and remove mineral scales and oxides by oxidation and metal ion chelating. But as the case with all metal-acid processes, acids often corrode and cause damage to metal surfaces. And damaged/abraded inner linings of boiler pipes have a risk of exploding at high water temperature and pressure. Thus appropriate acid inhibitors are needed to limit the acid attack on base metal, therefore helping check economic loss and ensure safety.

Rodine 2010 is by far the most popular choice as corrosion inhibitor for chemicals used in boiler cleaning. It is a low toxicity, non-flammable, highly soluble low viscosity liquid metal loss inhibitor for use in tetra ammoniated EDTA and tetra ammoniated Citric acid cleaning solutions. Rodine 2010 not only minimizes ferrous metal loss during chemical cleaning of power plant boilers but also effectively prevents pitting and crevice corrosion of metal surface. Rodine 2010 has a maximum operating temperature of 350°F when used with EDTA and 200°F when used with Citric acid cleaning solution with an operational life of 24hours. Laboratory testing has confirmed that it is more soluble than other commercial inhibitors at elevated pH and advantageously permits post-oxidation and dissolution of metallic copper deposits at significantly higher rates than other commercial corrosion inhibitor chemicals.

ChemEqual serves as the largest online database of chemicals and their equivalents and Rodine Acid Inhibitors from various global suppliers and manufacturers can be found and enquired here.

Rodine 31A – Corrosion Inhibitor to limit acid attack on base metals

Formulated with an acidic blend of complex alkyl pyridines, 1, 3-diethyl thiourea, Rodine 31A serves as an aliphatic nitrogen corrosion inhibitor that provides protection to brass, steel and copper metals against the attack of sulfuric, phosphoric, sulfamic, formic acid, acetic oxalic acid, citric acid, bisulfate solution and mixtures thereof and conditionally for hydrochloric acid solutions. Rodine 31A Corrosion Inhibitor presents itself as a chloride free inhibitor. It has a maximum operating temperature of 180°F. It imparts excellent pickling and modifies the metal surface to help in the prevention of corrosion.

Acidic treatment is important in providing protection to the metals used in the industries against scaling and rusting. This acid treatment is mostly carried out variously to assist in the eradication of scale and rust but instead & often triggers abrasion of metals as they exhibit corrosive properties. This process not only influences the metal properties but also causes loss of base metals after acid solution pickling. Acidic Corrosion often causes gradual wearing off of material by acidic compounds.

This acidic corrosion is an electrochemical process which is directed by the diffusion of moisture, oxygen and availability of acidic pollutant on the metal surfaces. This brings about the requirement of acid inhibitors to aid in limiting the acid corrosion on base metal, therefore helping reduce the economical loss in several industrial sectors. The type and concentration of the corrosion inhibitor used is generally derived based on the type and properties of the metal to be protected and the conditions under which the metal is to be treated. Rodine 31A Corrosion Inhibitor is an acid inhibitor specifically to protect metals from corrosion by organic and mineral acids

Features:

-Single product for multiple acids

-Helps in imparting excellent pickling

-Modifies metal surface to prevent corrosion

-Chloride free and is easily soluble with all acid concentrations

ChemEqual is the largest online directory of chemical suppliers, consisting of a vast database of manufacturers & suppliers that deal with trading of Rodine 31A Corrosion Inhibitor or other acid corrosion inhibitor products.

NALCOOL 2000 – Automobile Coolant Corrosion Inhibitor

Corrosion and scaling in automobile cooling systems is primarily by chemical reaction of oxidizing agents in the coolant on the metal components. The type and nature of materials present at heat exchanging surfaces, the temperature of the system, pH and type of corrosive elements present in the coolant determine the type of inhibitor package needed.

Conventional water based coolants constantly need additives in the form of mineral inhibitors such as phosphates, nitrites and borates for poplar heat exchange surface metals like aluminium, copper etc along with other parts made from cast iron & mild steel. Absence of suitable inhibitors can cause corrosion, metal cavitation, scaling and cause leaks by destruction on rubber gaskets and head caps. Liquid coolant additives serve ideally as easy to use blends that can be directly mixed with coolant water for easy and quick anti-corrosive action on coils, coolant pump and radiator fins.

Corrosion inhibitors are generally blends of chemicals added to the coolant water to reduce material loss and system damage due to oxidation. The prerequisite is a passivation agent to coat the metal surfaces preventing further corrosion followed by neutralization of oxidizing ions in the coolant thus reducing cavitation. Best corrosion inhibitors need to be fast acting and thermally stable so as to operate at high temperatures and high coolant flow rate. Nitrite, Borate, Silicate and Polyacrylate formulations seem to be the most popular as corrosion and rust inhibitors. This is due to the fact that they are able to remove most oxidizing agents in common coolants while passivating metal surfaces for a long lasting corrosion control. The only requirement is to keep a steady inhibitor concentration in the system.

NALCOOL 2000 manufactured by Nalco Company is a synergized inhibitor blend for metal passivation and sale suppression as a water soluble corrosion inhibitor. It has been designed for all common engine cooling systems and is ideal to protect ferrous metals, copper & its alloys, aluminium etc. as well as rubber gaskets and non-metallic components within the cooling system. NALCOOL 2000 is available in liquid form making it easy to use and apply, fully compatible with water and ethylene glycol based coolants. It does not contain chromates and has been tested internationally to maintain a high degree of heat transfer efficiency & long engine life.

Outstanding features of the product include:

• Protection of all common cooling system metals
• Cavitation protection
• Minimized sludge and scale formation
• Liquid, safe & easy to apply formulation
• Compatible with wide range of coolants and dyes
• Approved by all leading automobile engine manufacturers

NALCOOL 2000 is the perfect corrosion & scale inhibitor for coolants in small auxiliary diesel engines containing aluminium components.

ChemEqual is a vast online specialty chemical database and NALCOOL 2000 as well as equivalent compositions of coolant corrosion inhibitors can be found here from among a wide range of global suppliers.

Nalco PermaTreat PC-191 – RO Membrane Antiscalant

Reverse osmosis is a water purification technique developed in 1950’s by US government to remove dissolved solids in saline and brackish water. The principle involves application of waterline pressure over untreated water against a semipermeable membrane. The separated H₂O molecules pass through the membrane into a reservoir while contaminants remain on the other side. Over the years, RO has been extensively used for treating industrial feed water. While the primary method for demineralization is Ion exchange method, RO systems are adopted when large volumes of water need to be treated economically.

The life, efficiency & productivity of an RO Membrane water treatment system is greatly reduced due to a phenomenon called RO Membrane Scaling. During RO system operation, as the water moves through the membrane, the concentration of dissolved and suspended solids keep on increasing at the boundary layer. When the concentration exceeds saturation value, there occurs a tendency of deposition and crystallization on the membrane surface. Smaller depositions act as nuclei for more salt accumulation thus decreasing effectiveness of membranes and invoking frequent cleaning of the system. Scalants mostly include low soluble salts of calcium, barium, strontium as carbonates and sulfates and fine reactive silica crystals. Their low solubility makes them difficult to remove during cleanup processes.

Scaling can be minimized by pretreatment processes like ion exchange, chemical treatment like lime softening etc. but these incur higher costs.  In some cases, acidification is practiced to remove insoluble carbonates and sulfates and most commonly Hydrochloric Acid is used. Recently, the popular choice of RO scale treatment is the use of Antiscalants. Reverse Osmosis Antiscalants are specialized chemical formulations added to the untreated feed water to increase the solubility of sparingly soluble salts that cause scaling. They mostly comprise of acrylates and phosphonates that greatly inhibit carbonate and sulfate precipitation. Since they offer an online scale protection advantage, RO Antiscalants have become an essential part of operations involving reverse osmosis systems. Such systems avoid mineral scaling and need less frequent cleaning, show greater efficacy with high permeate quality, decreased water and energy consumptions and longer operation life.

Nalco PermaTreat PC-191 is an RO Membrane Antiscalant manufactured by Nalco Company. It is a highly effective scale inhibitor engineered specifically for RO systems. It is suitable for treating brackish, highly saline and effluent feed water in RO filtration, Nanofiltration and Ultrafiltration systems. It is compatible with all types of RO membranes and can extend membrane life thus cutting down operating and maintenance costs.

Nalco PermaTreat PC-191’s characteristics can be ideally summarized as:

• Effective against scales of calcium, strontium, barium salts of carbonate, sulfate and oxide origin
• Zero scaling in system upto 2.6 LSI
• Cleans by dispersing particulate fouling
• Effective even at low feed water pH upto 5.9
• Can be fed directly or as diluted solution in system
• Prevents formation of Iron scales

Nalco PermaTreat PC-191 helps resolve all scaling issues in RO Filtration systems and at all instances, the costs incurred are lower than would be for Ion exchange hardness removal methods.